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The ancient ritual and cult poetry.
The earliest that survived from the ancient Indian literature - is a cult and ritual poetry of Aryan tribes who migrated into India from the northwest during the XIV-XIII centuries. before and. e. This poetry brought to us the Veda (Veda - "Knowledge," "sacred knowledge"), a comprehensive set of ritual and religious works, took shape mainly in doynduistskuyu era, but has retained the status of the Hindu sacred text.
Vedic canon begins to take shape at the turn of the II-I millennium BC. e. When the Aryans, after leaving the place of the original habitat (north-eastern districts of Punjab), settled in the Gangetic valley, and here, between the rivers Ganges and Jumna, having their first state. The restructuring of the archaic tribal cult in the nascent state, the development of complex and cumbersome forms of imperial ritual, the expansion and deepening specialization priestly functions lead in this era to the emergence of special priestly schools that offer training performers of sacrificial ritual. In these schools, it is presumably with X and VII-VI centuries. and a gradual clearance of the texts that made up the core of the Vedic meeting.
Training needs required in the first place and organize text fixation, performed by the priests, the celebration of sacrifices yri. Thus were formed Samhita ("Collections") - Rig Veda ("Veda hymns"), Yajur Veda ("Veda yadzhusov"; yadzhus - sacrificial formula) and Samaveda ("Veda samana"; itself - a special kind of chant.) Already much later, perhaps in the VII-VI centuries., To the three ancient Samhita was added another, Atharva Veda ("Veda atharvanov"; atharvany - a special category of priests), which incorporates a variety of incantations, spells and incantations. Fixing Samhita was carried out in oral transmission. They were written very late. |
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